Human Genetic Engineering is a step too far

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Human genetic engineering provokes strong reactions. Dr David King, director of Human Genetics Alert, recently warned: ‘In a world first, the Government has said it will allow scientists to begin developing the technology for genetic modification of human beings, although creation of actual GM babies will be prohibited for the moment. We believe the public will be horrified’ [Ref: Telegraph]. The government move comes in the context of an overhaul of legislation on assisted reproduction and embryology designed to take account of the latest scientific developments [Ref: Guardian]. The spectre of eugenics haunts the designer babies debate. As one journalist puts it, the idea of designer babies tends to prompt comparisons with the Nazis, the hatcheries in Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World and the biological underclass of the science fiction movie Gattaca [Ref: Times Online].

While there are real concerns about what the future might hold, the debate requires separating fact from science fiction. The argument of supporters of genetic engineering is that fears are often exaggerated. Rather than crossing a significant ethical threshold, they say we’ll benefit from a continued improvement in our ability to overcome disease and improve people’s lives. Deciding who is right first requires understanding what scientists are capable of doing today. Then future possibilities need to be assessed. Finally, we’ll be in a position to assess what poses the greatest danger: that we take a step too far or that we fail to take the necessary steps towards further scientific developments.